Gabriel García Márquez
Márquez's most famous storylines are connected with real (well, or almost) events of his life. Stories about his parents' romance became the foundation for writing Love in the Time of Cholera. And Chronicle of a Death Foretold speaks about the murder of his friend, the story that Marquez put to paper only 27 years after his death.
Gabriel García Márquez
Márquez
Gabriel García
Gabriel García Márquez is a famous Colombian writer, one of the representatives of magic realism, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature
Yellow butterflies
In the book One Hundred Years of Solitude, yellow butterflies always surrounded Mauricio Babilogni, with whom Marquez associated himself.
The butterfly has long been a symbol of the soul in world culture, a kind of mediator between people and the gods, and its appearance was sure to portend something good.
Gabo was sent on his last journey by thousands of yellow paper butterflies.
Photo:
Gabriel Garsia Marquez / Mauricio Babilogni
Curiosity about life in all its aspects, I think, is still the secret of great creative people.
Love in the Time of Cholera and many others. The Colombian novelist told
his readers about honor, truth, poverty and timeless feelings.
Márquez
Márquez is best known for his novels, such as One Hundred Years of Solitude, Love in the Time of Cholera and many others. The Colombian novelist told his readers about honor, truth, poverty and timeless feelings.
Early life
Márquez's most famous storylines are connected with real (well, or almost) events of his life. Stories about his parents' romance became the foundation for writing Love in the Time of Cholera. And Chronicle of a Death Foretold speaks about the murder of his friend, the story that Marquez put to paper only 27 years after his death.
García Márquez's grandmother played an influential role in her grandson’s upbringing as well. Gabriel said he was fascinated by his grandmother’s special way of looking at life. The woman perceived everything unusual as natural.
Communication with them, especially his grandmother, and his hometown
of Aracataca, formed the basis of One Hundred Years of Solitude.
The author's grandmotheris embodied in the down-to-earth and persistent Ursula Buendia,
while Aracataca is embodied in the town of Mocondo hidden in the depths of the mountains.
Communication with them, especially his grandmother, and his hometown of Aracataca, formed the basis of One Hundred Years of Solitude. of Aracataca, formed the basis of One Hundred Years of Solitude. while Aracataca is embodied in the town of Mocondo hidden in the depths of the mountains.
From García Márquez's memoir:
"Our house was a kind of Roman empire, ruled by birds, thunder and other atmospheric signals that explained any change in the weather, any change in mood. In fact, we were manipulated by invisible gods, though presumably all of them were true Catholics."
From García Márquez's memoir:
"Our house was a kind of Roman empire, ruled by birds, thunder and other atmospheric signals that explained any change in the weather, any change in mood. In fact, we were manipulated by invisible gods, though presumably all of them were true Catholics."
Gabriel García Márquez is often affectionately called Gabo or Gabito in newspapers and books in the author’s language, especially by his Colombian compatriots. It’s a diminutive of the name Gabriel, which was the author’s name for his relatives, his grandparents, who became the inspiration for his characters.
Photo:
House Museum of Márquez in Aracataca / Buendía House in Macondo
Gabriel was born on 6 March 1927 in Colombia. Soon after García Márquez was born, Marquez Sr. got a job in a pharmacy and moved to another city. The boy went to live with his grandparents while his father was trying to settle down in another part of the country.
Gabriel had a brother who was also raised in the family of his grandparents. In 1936 the father took his sons to Sincé. A few months later, the family moved to Sucre, where Marquez Sr. started a pharmacy. Although the boys lived with their father, their grandparents had influenced their development very strongly.
to live with his grandparents while his father was trying to settle down in another part of the country.
Soon after García Márquez was born, Marquez Sr. got a job
in a pharmacy and moved to another city. The boy went
Gabriel was born on 6 March 1927 in Colombia.
Mysticism
In the Marquez house, they simply loved stories about the supernatural, which their grandfather categorically disliked.
However, his grandchildren were simply delighted with the most incredible stories about ghosts and fateful signs.
Gabriel’s grandfather was a veteran of the Thousand Days War and a hero of Colombian Liberals. Nicolás Ricardo Márquez Mejía had a great influence in shaping the outlook of his grandchildren. In the future Gabriel will call his grandfather as his "umbilical cord with history and reality".
Nicolás was an excellent storyteller and often indulged his grandsons with amazing stories. For example, once he told Gabriel that he couldn’t imagine how much a dead man weighed, reminding him that there was no greater burden than to have killed a man. Márquez Jr. would later integrate many of Nicolás' musings into his novels.
She used to deliver mysterious stories as if they were the irrefutable truth. In the future Gabriel would use this peculiarity of storytelling in his novels. The "deadpan style" corresponded to almost all of the writer’s works.
Different years photos:
(1)
(2)
Gabriel turned one year old
Colonel Nicholas R. Marquez, Marquez's grandfather / Colonel Aureliano Buendía
Different years photos:
(3)
Tranquilina Iguaran Cotes de Marquez, Marquez's grandmother / Úrsula Iguarán
Tranquilina Iguaran Cotes de Marquez, Marquez’s grandmother / Úrsula Iguarán
Colonel Nicholas R. Marquez, Marquez's grandfather / Colonel Aureliano Buendía
Gabriel turned one year old
1927
Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born on 6 March
Yellow butterflies
In the book One Hundred Years of Solitude, yellow butterflies always surrounded Mauricio Babilogni, with whom Marquez associated himself.
The butterfly has long been a symbol of the soul in world culture, a kind of mediator between people and the gods, and its appearance was sure to portend something good.
Gabo was sent on his last journey by thousands of yellow paper butterflies.
(1)
(2)
(3)
These were his first jobs as a journalist. In 1954, he returned to Bogotá to work for national newspaper El Espectador.
Photo:
Gabriel is a college student / A young Florentino Ariza
Soon, Gabriel became a student at the National University of Colombia. He studied at the Faculty of Law — his father dreamed of seeing his son a successful lawyer. However, the young man dreamed of becoming a famous writer. He wanted to create works that would stylistically match the stories of his beloved grandfather.
At school, the future writer proved himself to be a timid child with a rich imagination. He was very serious and was never interested in children’s games or sports. The children even nicknamed Gabriel "the old man" for his taciturnity and passion for literature.
After graduating from high school, the young man entered college. During his student days, he began to publish his first poems. Soon he received a scholarship and went to study at a college in Sipakira, which is located near Bogota. Here, Marquez unexpectedly showed an interest in sports. He became the captain of the local running, football and baseball teams.
(5)
National College in Sipakir
National College in Sipakir
However, his grandchildren were simply delighted with the most incredible stories about ghosts and fateful signs.
Different years photos:
(4)
(5)
Gabriel is a childe
In the Marquez house, they simply loved stories about the supernatural, which their grandfather categorically disliked.
Mysticism
Photo:
In the editorial office of El Espectador / A journalist investigating the foretold death from the eponymous work
Apparently, fate itself stepped in the biography of Márquez, who was never
destined to start a law practice. During the armed uprising Bogotazo
university temporarily closed and Marquez Jr. was transferred to another university.
Apparently, fate itself stepped in the biography of Márquez, who was never destined to start a law practice. During the armed uprising Bogotazo university temporarily closed and Marquez Jr. was transferred to another university.
He began to work part-time as a correspondent for a local newspaper and then moved back to Barranquilla. He concentrated fully on journalism there and soon worked as a reporter and columnist in the newspaper El Heraldo
1940
At the age of 13, Gabo received a scholarship and enrolled in a Jesuit college.
(4)
He began to work part-time as a correspondent for a local newspaper
and then moved back to Barranquilla. He concentrated fully on journalism there
and soon worked as a reporter and columnist in the newspaper El Heraldo
Photo:
Marquez in a Paris hotel / José Arcadio Segundo
In 1955, he published his debut novella "Leaf Storm". The plot of the story tells about the life of an elderly colonel. It took Marquez seven long years to find a publisher who would agree to print his work. One day, Marquez marked that "Leaf Storm" was his most favorite novel of all his vast oeuvre. The writer used to call it his most spontaneous and sincere work.
In Barranquilla, the young Marquez met a huge number of writers, journalists and simply educated people. Gabo drew inspiration for his future works from new acquaintances. He formed his own view of the culture and literature of his native country.
The work of Ernest Hemingway had a huge influence on the young writer. The master of realistic storytelling was incredibly popular at the time, and Marquez found his first inspiration in the stories and novels of his idol.
Marquez named Ernest Hemingway as responsible for the style,
and William Faulkner for the soul.
Among others who most influenced his work and style of narration,
Among others who most influenced his work and style of narration, Marquez named Ernest Hemingway as responsible for the style, and William Faulkner for the soul.
These were his first jobs as a journalist. In 1954, he returned to Bogotá to work for national newspaper El Espectador.
Different years photos:
(6)
(7)
Gabriel is 22
Ernest Hemingway
LITERATURE
Marquez got his passion for stories from his grandmother and made a decision to become a writer after reading "The Metamorphosis" by Franz Kafka.
1950
Gabriel wrote the first novel “Leaf Storm”
(6)
(7)
July 15 — Marquez goes to Europe as a special correspondent
The end of summer — Marquez visits Prague and Warsaw behind the back of the newspaper management
December — Marquez moves to Paris
“Leaf Storm” is published
1955
July 15 — Marquez goes to Europe as a special correspondent
The end of summer — Marquez visits Prague and Warsaw behind the back of the newspaper management
December — Marquez moves to Paris
“Leaf Storm” is published
Photo:
Paris in 1955 / Dr. Juvenal Urbino and Fermina Daza, characters from Gabriel García Márquez's "Love in the Time of Cholera" in Paris
Photo:
Paris in 1955 / Dr. Juvenal Urbino and Fermina Daza, characters from Gabriel García Márquez's "Love in the Time of Cholera" in Paris
Six years later, Marquez released his second novel, which also told the biography of an elderly colonel. The story was called "No One Writes to the Colonel" and is still one of the best of "realist literature".
The young writer decided to create a realistic work, inspired by the novels and stories of Ernest Hemingway. This story is about the lonely life of an elderly man who has to spend his life in the company of his wife. The husband and wife reminisce about the old days and their deceased son, who died not too long ago.
Although Marquez’s first works were created in the genre of "realism", later he experimented with other literary directions. The writer won real fame thanks to his novel One Hundred Years of Solitude. This masterpiece is written in a style that would later be called "mystical realism".
In 1972, Marquez presented a collection of his early short stories, which was entitled The Eyes of the Blue Dog. The collection included stories that the writer created in 1947−1955. These stories were once printed in local newspapers
From García Márquez's memoir:
"From the moment I wrote "Leaf Storm", I realized that I wanted to be a writer, and that no one could stop me, and that the only thing left for me to do was to try to become the best writer in the world."
1957
Work on the novel No One Writes to the Colonel
Travelling to the GDR, USSR, Hungary, London
December — return to Latin America, in Venezuela
(8)
1957
Work on the novel No One Writes to the Colonel
Travelling to the GDR, USSR, Hungary, London
December — return to Latin America, in Venezuela
In the two first works of the author one can notice references to La Violencia, a civil war between the liberals and the Colombian Conservative Party. The characters of these novels face curfew, strict censorship, and underground newspapers. In the first novel of the writer named Evil Hour you can also see references like this, but you can’t call it a platform for political propaganda.
1958
(10)
21 March — wedding of Garcia Marquez and Mercedes Barcha Pardo
1958
21 March — wedding of Garcia Marquez and Mercedes Barcha Pardo
United Fruit Company workers loading bananas onto a ship / The Workers' Uprising in Macondo
Soon Gabriel, inspired by the flight of Venezuelan dictator Marcos Pérez Jiménez, started writing a so-called dictator novel The Autumn of the Patriarch. The writer worked on this book for seven years and it appeared in print in 1975.
(9)
(11)
Different years photos:
(8)
(9)
Gabo again in Paris
United Fruit Company workers loading bananas onto a ship / The Workers' Uprising in Macondo
Photo:
Marquez in 1959 / Melquíades writes the chronicle of Macondo
mersedes
When Gabriel decided to quit his job in order to work on the novel One Hundred Years of Solitude without hindrance, his wife Mercedes took on all the cares.
She earned money, asked for food on credit from their butcher and baker as well as rent on credit from the landlord of the house they rented in Mexico City.
When the novel was finished, there wasn’t enough money to send the manuscript to the publisher, so Mercedes pawned her hairdryer and mixer. That’s when she uttered the phrase, "the last thing we need is for this novel to turn out to be bad".
Garcia Marquez completes the novel "One Hundred Years of Solitude"
1966
Garcia Marquez completes the novel "One Hundred Years of Solitude"
Photo:
Marquez in 1959 / Melquíades writes the chronicle of Macondo
In 1981, the author published a novel entitled Chronicle of a Death Foretold. The story was written in a pseudo-journalistic style. After a while, the work became the basis for the film directed by Francesco Rosi.
mersedes
1966
When Gabriel decided to quit his job in order to work on the novel One Hundred Years of Solitude without hindrance, his wife Mercedes took on all the cares.
She earned money, asked for food on credit from their butcher and baker as well as rent on credit from the landlord of the house they rented in Mexico City.
When the novel was finished, there wasn’t enough money to send the manuscript to the publisher, so Mercedes pawned her hairdryer and mixer. That’s when she uttered the phrase, "the last thing we need is for this novel to turn out to be bad".
Different years photos:
(10)
(11)
Gabriel and Mercedes
At work on The Autumn of the Patriarch
Gabriel and Mercedes
At work on The Autumn of the Patriarch
The creator of the work himself dubbed his novela a "poem on the solitude of power". The storyline of the novel includes a huge number of anecdotes from the life of the escaped politician. The book was splendidly accepted by the society.
The book is written in long paragraphs with extended sentences. The general’s thoughts are conveyed to the reader in tangled sentences that convey his desperation and loneliness along with the atrocities and ruthless behaviour that keep him in power. One of the most striking aspects of the book is its emphasis on the protagonist’s godlike status and the inexplicable awe and respect with which his people treat him.
1992
The collection "Twelve Wanderer Stories" is published.
(15)
The basis for the novel was a real love story of the writer’s parents. Marquez’s mum and dad’s names were Luisa and Gabriel. It’s interesting to know that Luisa’s father, Gabriel’s beloved grandfather, didn’t approve of his daughter’s choice at all. Gabriel Sr. was heard to be a famous womaniser. Marquez Sr. managed to obtain a marriage license from Louise’s parents only after he had written hundreds of love letters and poems to his sweetheart.
Four years later, the writer again addresses the topic of the biography of a military man. The resulting novel was called "The General in His Labyrinth". Literary critics cannot still agree on the genre of this novel. Especially for this work, the term "new historical novel" was invented. The new style reflects postmodernism, post-boom and the so-called Latin American boom.
(13)
America”. Marquez became the first Colombian citizen whose
contribution to world literature was so highly appreciated.
The Colombian’s Nobel speech was entitled “The Solitude of Latin
In 1985 another novel by Marquez Love in the Time of Cholera went on sale. The work of the eminent Colombian immediately became a world bestseller. The plot of the novel is about love in all its manifestations, including the ideal and the indecent ones.
(12)
December 10 — the solemn presentation of the Nobel Prize by King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden at the Stockholm Concert Hall.
October 21 — Garcia Marquez is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Spring — an armed conflict between Great Britain and Argentina over the Falkland Islands. Marquez responds to the event.
1982
RECOGNIZED
In the winter 1882 the writer was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. This prestigious award was given to Marquez for his numerous works that masterfully combine the realistic and the fantastic.
In 1981, the author published a novel entitled Chronicle of a Death Foretold. The story was written in a pseudo-journalistic style. After a while, the work became the basis for the film directed by Francesco Rosi.
Different years photos:
(12)
(13)
Presenting the Nobel Prize
The Wedding Photo of Gabriel García Márquez's Parents / Dr. Juvenal Urbino and Fermina Daza
Different years photos:
(14)
Gabriel García Márquez and Fidel Castro
Different years photos:
(15)
(16)
During an interview in 1992
Triumphant return to Latin
Photo:
Marquez and Bill Clinton
politics
They met in 1959. Both are young, full of hope for an incredible future.
Fidel Castro has just made a revolution in Cuba. Gabriel Garcia Marquez came to Cuba to write about bearded guerrillas who have done inconceivable things.
They became friends. Marquez was the mediator in the negotiations between Castro and Clinton.
Gabo was convinced that the Cuban way was the only possible way to gain independence for Latin America.
(14)
(16)
In addition to literature, Marquez was also interested in other forms of art. He took an active part in the creation of films and often acted as a screenwriter. The writer created more than 25 screenplays; 17 films were shot based on them.
The last work in the years-long work of the Colombian was a story Memories of My Melancholy Whores. The novel was published in 2004 in Spanish. This story was the first in a long break in the literary biography of Marquez.
The Colombian writer’s last work was screened in 2011.
2014
17 April — Gabriel Garcia Marquez died of kidney failure at home in Mexico City
Photo:
Marquez in 2014
death
Gabriel Garcia Marquez died on 17 April 2014 at the age of 88 in his home in Mexico City. His wife Mercedes and their sons Gonzalo and Rodrigo were next to him. The cause of death, kidney failure, was announced later. The body of the writer was cremated on the night of his death. Only the closest relatives attended the ceremony.
2014
17 April — Gabriel Garcia Marquez died of kidney failure at home in Mexico City
Photo:
Marquez in 2014
death
Gabriel Garcia Marquez died on 17 April 2014 at the age of 88 in his home in Mexico City. His wife Mercedes and their sons Gonzalo and Rodrigo were next to him. The cause of death, kidney failure, was announced later. The body of the writer was cremated on the night of his death. Only the closest relatives attended the ceremony.
2014
17 April — Gabriel Garcia Marquez died of kidney failure at home in Mexico City
Photo:
Marquez in 2014
death
Gabriel Garcia Marquez died on 17 April 2014 at the age of 88 in his home in Mexico City. His wife Mercedes and their sons Gonzalo and Rodrigo were next to him. The cause of death, kidney failure, was announced later. The body of the writer was cremated on the night of his death. Only the closest relatives attended the ceremony.
La hojarasca
El Heraldo
1954
El Heraldo published one chapter of the novel in 1952. Then, the novel itself was published in 1955, thus becoming the first published novel by García Márquez. First appearance of Macondo. First appearance of the themes that García Márquez would revisit later in One Hundred Years of Solitude
Written between 1956 and 1957. In 1958, it was published in Mito magazine. Regarded as the first finished narrative work, both structurally and formally, within the Macondo literary universe
1961
El coronel no tiene quien le escriba
Mito
Published for the first time in 1962 by Taller de Artes Gráficas Luis Pérez, an edition that García Márquez himself would later disavow. Four years later, it was published by Mexican publishing house Ediciones Era, an edition that he recognized as the first one.
1962
La mala hora
Ediciones Era
Published in Xalapa, in 1962, by Universidad Veracruzana
1962
Los funerales de la Mamá Grande
Veracruzana University
Published in 1967 by Editorial Sudamericana with a print run of 8000 copies, it was written over a course of two years and has been translated to more than 40 languages. It the most important and world-renowned novel by García Márquez, and one of the most representative of the magical realism style. It signals the end of the Macondo period.
1967
Cien años de soledad
Editorial Sudamericana
he first dictator novel by García Márquez, it is «a character study in corruption and tyranny —García Márquez called it 'a poem on the solitude of power'.» It was published simultaneously by publishing houses Plaza & Janés and Editorial Sudamericana.
1975
El otoño del patriarca
Plaza & Janés, Sudamericana
After the novel was published, it was rumored that García Márquez had been allegedly involved in the incident that inspired it, or that he had at least witnessed it. The novel uses a «purely realist» narrative technique based on a real-life chronicle
1981
Crónica de una muerte anunciada
La Oveja Negra
Mostly based on the experience of his parents, it tells the love story of two young people amid a cholera epidemic in the Caribbean. It was García Márquez’s favorite book of his.
1981
El amor en los tiempos del cólera
Editorial Oveja Negra (Colombia)
Alfred A. Knopf (US)
Another dictator novel, it traces Simón Bolívar's final journey, a seven-month voyage along the Magdalena River from Bogotá to the sea, until his death at the Quinta de San Pedro Alejandrino. It follows "documented history with considerable accuracy."
1989
El general en su laberinto
Editorial Oveja Negra (Colombia)
Alfred A. Knopf (US)
Grupo Editorial Norma (Colombia)
Alfred A. Knopf (US)
A collection of twelve short stories.
1992
Doce cuentos peregrinos
Editorial Oveja Negra
The novel is set in a colonial seaport in South America and it tells the tale of Sierva María, a girl who may or may not have contracted rabies.
1994
Del amor y otros demonios
Grupo Editorial Norma (Colombia)
Alfred A. Knopf (US)
An homage by García Márquez to Yasunari Kawabata’s The House of the Sleeping Beauties.
2004
Memoria de mis putas tristes
Collection of his early short stories, published in newspapers between 1947 and 1955.
1972
Ojos de perro azul
Collection of four short stories written between January and July 1968, a story from 1961, and a story published in 1970
1972
La increíble y triste historia de la cándida Eréndira y de su abuela desalmada
Leaf Storm
No One Writes to the Colonel
In Evil Hour
Big Mama's Funeral
One Hundred Years of Solitude
The Incredible and Sad Tale of Innocent Eréndira and her Heartless Grandmother
Eyes of a Blue Dog
The Autumn of the Patriarch
Chronicle of a Death Foretold 
Love in the Time of Cholera 
The General in His Labyrinth
Strange Pilgrims
Of Love and Other Demons
Memories of My Melancholy Whores
Márquez
When creating the site, information from open sources was used for educational purposes
Gabriel
García